During the refining process of crude oil, fractions of liquid petroleum, gas and diesel are removed from the product, which results in a semi-solid hydrocarbon being left behind. This oil based product is known as Bitumen. Bitumen is commonly used in road surfacing, paving and roofing applications. 85% of the world’s production of bitumen is used to build roads. Sand, crushed rock, gravel and bitumen is the mixture used to create a reliable road surface.

The adhesive and waterproofing properties of bitumen and bituminous products are greatly appreciated and sought after. Various grades of bitumen are available on the market, and each grade is specified to be used for certain applications. All bitumen is tested before being graded.

Bitumen is a category of organically-based liquids that are highly viscous, black, and sticky. Refined bitumen is the residual fraction (bottom) obtained by fractional distillation of crude oil. It is the heaviest fraction and the one with the highest boiling point, boiling at 525°C (977°F).

Bitumen is also known as asphalt or tar. Bitumen was mixed with other materials throughout prehistory and throughout the world for use as a sealant, adhesive, building mortar, incense, and decorative application on pots, buildings.

The material is also useful in waterproofing boats and other water transport.

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